Guide dogs are service or assistance dogs trained specifically to help people with a visual impairment navigatearound. Apart from helping people navigate, they are a companion and provide a sense of freedom to the visuallyimpaired. We all might have seen a guide dog with a person, but do we know how they help the visually impaired personor handler? Do we know the intensity of training and what it takes to be a guide dog? Here are a couple of things youprobably didn’t know about guide dogs.First, not every dog is cut out to be a guide dog. They are carefully chosen for breeding with the sole purpose totrain them to be a guide dog. Most of the guide dogs originate from a carefully planned breeding program. Enormousfocus is given to the physical health and characteristics like intelligence, good temperament, stability and willingness towork. It is a known fact that when puppies are screened, only about 70% make the cut.In addition, the training period for a guide dog from the time of its birth is anywhere between 15-18 months. Theygo through two different stages in their training. The first stage is when the puppies spend about a year in a specificvolunteer’s household. They learn to abide by some guidelines and are exposed to different people, sounds, situations,places like railway stations, shops, traffic areas as a part of their training. They’re exposed to a fun and unique training.On the second stage, the dogs receive a formal training at a training center by professionals. This training lasts for about5-6 months. The dogs are assessed at regular intervals and continuously monitored for progress.
According to this passage, which of the following is closest in meaning to the phrase “make the cut”?
“Somebody must have made a false accusation against Josef K., for he was arrested one morning without havingdone anything wrong.” As in Kafka’s long story Metamorphosis—which begins with the line “Gregor Samsa awoke onemorning from uneasy dreams to find himself41in his bed into a gigantic insect”—the entire narrative of The Trialemerges from the condition that announces itself in the opening sentence. The protagonist, Josef K., never discovers whathe is being42, and is never able to understand the principles governing the system of justice in which he findshimself ensnared. Instead, the narrative follows his exhausting determination to understand and to43his innocencein the complete absence of any doctrine that would explain to him what it would mean to be44, or indeed, of whathe actually stands accused. In following Josef K.’s struggle toward45, the novel presents us with an astonishinglymoving account of what it is to be born naked and defenseless into a completely incomprehensible system, armed onlywith a devout conviction of innocence.
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正確答案：(B) 解析：空格所在句為「the narrative follows his exhausting determination to understand and to ___ his innocence」，語意上應填入能與「his innocence」搭配、表示「捍衛、維護自己清白」的動詞。選項(B) protect 意為「保護、維護」，符合文意。本題為英文閱讀測驗，不涉及法規。 各選項：
(A) contest 意為「爭辯、質疑」，若填入會變成質疑自己的清白，語意矛盾。
(B) protect 意為「保護、維護」，與 his innocence 搭配表示維護自身清白，正確。
(C) detest 意為「厭惡」，語意不通。
(D) arrest 意為「逮捕」，語意不通。 出處：英文閱讀測驗—上下文語意判斷 難度：中
A recent study from Brazil finds a connection between vegetarianism and mental health issues. The study,in which 14,216 people between 35 to 74 years old were surveyed, shows that individuals following vegetariandiets are more41to depression. In fact, those who don’t eat meat are twice more likely to have a depressiveepisode than meat consumers.While there is evidence42to a lack of meat consumption causing more mental health issues, there aresome conflicting studies that find no correlation between vegetarian diets and mood effects. According to thesestudies, it might be too straightforward to43that the former is causing the latter via nutritional deficiency. Ahealthy diet goes44identifying as a vegetarian or non-vegetarian. There are other45not examined butare plausibly linked to both vegetarianism and depression. One thing for sure is that a balanced intake accompaniedby regular exercise is essential in maintaining physical and mental health.
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正確答案：(D) 解析：空格所在句為「A healthy diet goes ___ identifying as a vegetarian or non-vegetarian.」，語意應是「健康的飲食遠不只是界定自己為素食或非素食者」。選項(D) far beyond 表示「遠超過、不只是」，最符合上下文。本題為英文克漏字，非法律題，無須引用法條。 各選項：
(A) except for 表示「除了…之外」，語意不通。
(B) less than 表示「少於」，與句意相反。
(C) nothing but 表示「僅僅是」，與後文強調其他因素不符。
(D) far beyond 表示「遠超過」，符合「健康飲食不只是素食與否」的語意。 出處：英文克漏字—上下文語意與片語用法 難度：中
A recent study from Brazil finds a connection between vegetarianism and mental health issues. The study,in which 14,216 people between 35 to 74 years old were surveyed, shows that individuals following vegetariandiets are more41to depression. In fact, those who don’t eat meat are twice more likely to have a depressiveepisode than meat consumers.While there is evidence42to a lack of meat consumption causing more mental health issues, there aresome conflicting studies that find no correlation between vegetarian diets and mood effects. According to thesestudies, it might be too straightforward to43that the former is causing the latter via nutritional deficiency. Ahealthy diet goes44identifying as a vegetarian or non-vegetarian. There are other45not examined butare plausibly linked to both vegetarianism and depression. One thing for sure is that a balanced intake accompaniedby regular exercise is essential in maintaining physical and mental health.
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正確答案：(C) 解析：空格所在句為「There are other 45 not examined but are plausibly linked to both vegetarianism and depression.」，語意上應填入「變數、因素」，表示還有其他未檢驗但可能同時與素食主義和憂鬱症相關的因素。選項中 variables 最符合文意。本題為英文閱讀測驗，不涉及法規。 各選項：
(A) propaganda 意為「宣傳」，與前後文「其他未檢驗但可能相關的……」語意不符。
(B) formations 意為「形成、結構」，無法合理搭配「未檢驗但可能相關」的語境。
(C) variables 意為「變數、因素」，符合「其他未檢驗但可能相關的因素」之文意，正確。
(D) brochures 意為「手冊、小冊子」，與研究變項或因素無關。 出處：英文閱讀測驗—上下文語意判斷 難度：易