申論 1請寫出下列藥品或類別縮寫的英文全名，並說明其臨床適用病症。（每小題3 分，共24 分）㈠EPO㈡NTG㈢PTU㈣TZD㈤SSRI㈥TMP-SMX㈦INH㈧PZA
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申論 2下列內文為美國FDA 於今年六月十五日發布有關pioglitazone 的安全訊息，請說明遇有民眾詢問時，藥師應如何答覆？並討論我國藥品安全的機制應如何提昇？（20 分）Actos (pioglitazone): Ongoing Safety Review - Potential Increased Risk of BladderCancerUse of the diabetes medication Actos (pioglitazone) for more than one year may beassociated with an increased risk of bladder cancer. Information about this risk will beadded to the Warnings and Precautions section of the label for pioglitazone-containingmedicines. The Patient Medication Guide for these medicines will also be revised toinclude information on the risk of bladder cancer.This safety information is based on FDA's review of data from a five-year interim analysisof an ongoing, ten-year epidemiological study. The five-year results showed that althoughthere was no overall increased risk of bladder cancer with pioglitazone use, an increasedrisk of bladder cancer was noted among patients with the longest exposure to pioglitazone,and in those exposed to the highest cumulative dose of pioglitazone.FDA is also aware of a recent epidemiological study conducted in France which suggestsan increased risk of bladder cancer with pioglitazone. Based on the results of this study,France has suspended the use of pioglitazone and Germany has recommended not to startpioglitazone in new patients.Additional Information for Patients, Information for Healthcare Professionals, and a DataSummary are provided in the Drug Safety Communication.FDA recommends that healthcare professionals should:․ Not use pioglitazone in patients with active bladder cancer.․ Use pioglitazone with caution in patients with a prior history of bladder cancer. Thebenefits of blood sugar control with pioglitazone should be weighed against theunknown risks for cancer recurrence.FDA will continue to evaluate data from the ongoing ten-year epidemiological study. TheAgency will also conduct a comprehensive review of the results from the French study.FDA will update the public when more information becomes available.年公務人員高等考試三級考試試題代號：類 科： 藥事科 目： 調劑學與臨床藥學
申論 3何謂Medication reconciliation？並就臺灣執行之現況予以討論。（8 分）
申論 4影響病人服藥順從性的因素十分多元，除了個人行為理論模式外，與藥品治療有關的因素有那些？（8 分）
申論 5請討論於藥事作業中可應用那些電腦自動化技術，以提昇用藥安全，並舉實例說明之。（20 分）
申論 6近來因食品添加物含有不法塑化劑事件而引起食品安全的風暴，並重創臺灣產品形象。請說明藥品中是否可用塑化劑？其用途為何？如遇民眾詢問，藥師應如何回答？（20 分）